ANNEX I. >> Metadata sheets on selected indicators its elaboration in general comment No. 6 (1982) of the Human Rights Committee, and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance as well as the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. Any act of enforced disappearance places the persons subjected to it outside the protection of the law and inflicts severe suffering on them and their families. This indicator also reflects to a certain extent the effort of the State to guarantee the rights to a fair trial, liberty and security of person and not to be subjected to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The indicator is a process indicator related to the “disappearance of individuals” attribute of the right to life that reflects the willingness and some of the steps required by a State in meeting its obligation to realize the right. Method of computation  The indicator is computed as the ratio of the number of individual cases of enforced disappearance clarified by the Government to the total number of cases transmitted by the Working Group, under normal and urgent action procedures, during the reference period. Cases of enforced disappearance reported to the Working Group, when considered admissible, are transmitted for clarification to the Government(s) concerned. Any clarification on the fate and whereabouts of disappeared persons by the Government(s) is transmitted to the source that reported the case to the Working Group. If the source does not respond within six months of the transmission of the Government’s reply, or if it contests the Government’s response on grounds that are considered unreasonable by the Working Group, the case is considered clarified and listed in the statistical summary of the Working Group’s annual report accordingly. If the source contests the Government’s information on reasonable grounds, the Government is so informed and invited to comment. Data collection and source  The main source of data is the administrative records of the Working Group and its reports to the Human Rights Council. Periodicity  The indicator is published annually in the report of the Working Group to the Human Rights Council. Disaggregation  In order to be fully meaningful, the data on the indicator should be disaggregated by sex, age, date and place of enforced disappearance, indigenous and pregnancy status of the person reported as having disappeared, if applicable. The data should also be available by type of communication (urgent action or standard procedure), source of clarification (government or non-governmental sources), and status of person at date of clarification (at liberty, in detention or dead). However, the availability of disaggregated data will depend on the quality of the information reported to the Working Group. Comments and limitations  The indicator provides information only on the initial steps taken by a State in addressing its obligation to respect and protect the rights to life, to a fair trial, liberty and security of person and not to be subjected to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Enforced disappearance of a family member, especially the main breadwinner, violates the right to a family and various economic, social and cultural rights such as the right to an adequate standard of living and the right to education. Women and children are also particularly vulnerable to enforced disappearance, both directly and indirectly. When women become victims of enforced disappearance, they become particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms of violence. They also bear serious economic hardship, which usually accompanies a disappearance. A child’s human rights are violated when a parent is lost due to enforced disappearance. The basic source of information for this indicator is events-based data on human rights violations. Human Rights Indicators 149