28 C E N T E R F O R I N T E R N AT I O N A L E N V I R O N M E N TA L L AW APPENDIX II A Note on Sources This synthesis draws or builds on documentary evidence compiled from a number of sources, including: early and pioneering research by Greenpeace’s Exxon Secrets project; pathbreaking research by Dr. Naomi Oreskes of Harvard University and Erik Conway of Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; multi-part investigations published in 2015 and 2016 by InsideClimate News, Los Angeles Times, and the Columbia School of Journalism; documents unearthed by non-profit organizations, including DeSmog Blog, the Climate Investigations Center, Climate Files, and the Union of Concerned Scientists; and CIEL’s own Smoke and Fumes project, a multi-year investigation into the early history of climate science with particular attention to the oil and gas industries’ awareness of, engagement in, and communications about that science. To facilitate direct access to relevant evidence, hyperlinks to cited documents have been provided wherever feasible. At the time of publication (Nov. 2017) all hyperlinks were functional and accurate, although some linked documents are subject to paywalls or other limitations. An earlier version of this synthesis was shared with the Philippines Commission on Human Rights in April 2016 in conjunction with an amicus curiae brief submitted to the Commission in its examination of how oil companies’ operations have affected human rights in the Philippines. The present synthesis draws on the more extensive material released during the ensuing months. The volume of documentary evidence arising from these various research initiatives is now staggering. CIEL’s database alone includes more than 200 documents, spanning more than seven decades, not including books and archival documents not available online. The InsideClimate News investigations include at least twelve separate articles supported by scores of primary documents. Research by the Union of Concerned Scientists has unearthed more than 340 pages of documents in seven dossiers addressing various aspects of the climate. Accordingly, the present synthesis can only highlight key findings to date. It is indicative of the available evidence, but by no means exhaustive. More fundamentally, it should be noted that the great majority of relevant documents, including more than two million pages of documents produced by Exxon pursuant to an investigation in New York State, have yet to be publicly disclosed. Untold numbers of additional documents remain undiscovered and as yet undisclosed by the corporate actors involved, including by the Carbon Majors themselves.