was through the same efforts that the business was propelled to financial success. Petitioner Tocao herself admitted private respondents indispensable role in putting up the business when, upon being asked if private respondent held the positions of marketing manager and vice-president for sales, she testified thus: A: No, sir at the start she was the marketing manager because there were no one to sell yet, its only me there then her and then two (2) people, so about four (4). Now, after that when she recruited already Oscar Abella and Lina Torda-Cruz these two (2) people were given the designation of marketing managers of which definitely Nita as superior to them would be the Vice President.[18] By the set-up of the business, third persons were made to believe that a partnership had indeed been forged between petitioners and private respondents. Thus, the communication dated June 4, 1986 of Missy Jagler of West Bend Company to Roger Muencheberg of the same company states: Marge Tocao is president of Geminesse Enterprises. Geminesse will finance the operations. Marge does not have cookware experience. Nita Anay has started to gather former managers, Lina Torda and Dory Vista. She has also gathered former demonstrators, Betty Bantilan, Eloisa Lamela, Menchu Javier. They will continue to gather other key people and build up the organization. All they need is the finance and the products to sell.[19] On the other hand, petitioner Belos denial that he financed the partnership rings hollow in the face of the established fact that he presided over meetings regarding matters affecting the operation of the business. Moreover, his having authorized in writing on October 7, 1987, on a stationery of his own business firm, Wilcon Builders Supply, that private respondent should receive thirty-seven (37%) of the proceeds of her personal sales, could not be interpreted otherwise than that he had a proprietary interest in the business. His claim that he was merely a guarantor is belied by that personal act of proprietorship in the business. Moreover, if he was indeed a guarantor of future debts of petitioner Tocao under Article 2053 of the Civil Code,[20] he should have presented documentary evidence therefor. While Article 2055 of the Civil Code simply provides that guaranty must be express, Article 1403, the Statute of Frauds, requires that a special promise to answer for the debt, default or miscarriage of another be in writing.[21] Petitioner Tocao, a former ramp model,[22] was also a capitalist in the partnership. She claimed that she herself financed the business. Her and petitioner Belos roles as both capitalists to the partnership with private respondent are buttressed by petitioner Tocaos admissions that petitioner Belo was her boyfriend and that the partnership was not their only business venture together. They also established a firm that they called Wiji, the combination of petitioner Belos first name, William, and her nickname, Jiji.[23] The special relationship between them dovetails with petitioner Belos claim that he was acting in behalf of petitioner Tocao. Significantly, in the early stage of the business operation, petitioners requested West Bend Company to allow them to utilize their banking and trading facilities in Singapore in the matter of importation and payment of the cookware products.[24] The inevitable conclusion, therefore, was that