04/02/2020
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Eduardo de Mesa, Aurora Eco, Eleuterio Fresnillo, Jovita Gabarda, Fausto
Lledo, Pampilo Sabroso, Ismael, Rafaela and Regalado Tradio)[28] and
anyone claiming under them to vacate the respective areas where they
have resettled at Calauit Island, Busuanga, Palawan.
Plaintiff-Republic through the Secretary of the Department of Natural
Resources, is ordered to procure another suitable Relocation Sites for
defendants within six months from receipt of this Decision.[29]
The RTC held that the Resettlement Agreements, being duplicates of the originals
and records of the Republic of the Philippines, are public documents notwithstanding
their lack of notarization. As such, they are admissible in evidence even if the
parties' signatures were not authenticated. The RTC also held that the vices of
consent allegedly attached to the Resettlement Agreements would have served to
render the agreements merely voidable and not void. However, the four-year period
within which the petitioners could bring an action for annulment had long prescribed.
On the issue of rescission, the RTC held that even assuming that the petitioners had
grounds for rescission, they "could not unilaterally rescind the agreements, since the
right to rescind must be invoked judicially."[30]
The RTC, in deciding against the petitioners' return to Calauit, proclaimed:
National Interest in the preservation of Calauit as Game Preserve and
Sanctuary is the overriding factor which argues against the right of
[petitioners] to return to Calauit. Assuming that the Resettlement Areas
provided by [Respondent]-Republic did not measure up to the
expectations of [petitioners], the recourse was not to renege on their
Agreements by returning to Calauit and contributing to the disturbance or
destruction of the Preserve, but to demand that [Respondent] deliver the
fair value of the properties they vacated.
[Respondent]-Republic is not entirely free from blame for what appears to
have been an unwise choice of Relocation Sites and should be given an
opportunity to rectify the mistake.[31]
The petitioners sought the Court of Appeals' reversal of the RTC's decision in their
Appeal docketed as CA-G.R. CV No. 46222, entitled "Republic of the Philippines v.
Aurellano Agnes, et al."
Ruling of the Court of Appeals
In a Decision promulgated on April 24, 2002, the Court of Appeals affirmed the
assailed ruling of the RTC, viz.:
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the appealed Decision dated
February 23, 1994, of the Regional Trial Court of Palawan and Puerto
Princesa City, Branch 49, Fourth Judicial Regional, Palawan docketed as
Civil Case No. 2262, is hereby AFFIRMED. No pronouncement as to
costs.[32]
The Court of Appeals concurred in the findings and conclusions of the RTC. In
addition, it disputed the petitioners' claim of ownership on the lands of Calauit; and
elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/61037
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