103 n n n n n n n n of the Land Related Act 1964 to include provisions aimed at ending the remaining cases of dual ownership in Nepal. The Act should include provisions for the recognition of unregistered tenants and protect them against forced eviction. This will be instrumental in addressing the land-related conflicts between the landlords and the tenants. Hastening of the adoption of legislation for effective implementation of land use policies. The lack of land use plans in the country is causing haphazard urban sprawl, fragmentation of agricultural areas, reduced agricultural productivity and food security, and conflict between different groups and communities. Government review of all three reports developed by the High-Level Land Reform Commissions formed in the past. Furthermore, government should conduct consultations with the poor and vulnerable communities of Nepal to solicit their views and concerns and ensure that future land reform protects their rights over land as well as boosts agricultural productivity and economic development in the country. Training on conflict sensitive approaches, ADR and gender sensitivity for government staff working at the district land offices. There is a need to enhance their capacity to deal with the growing number of local level landrelated disputes and conflicts. Conduct of outreach programs to educate the affected communities, particularly women and vulnerable groups, regarding their entitlements to and rights over land. Establishment of Land Tribunals to deal with the backlog of cases at the courts. This will contribute to the swift resolution of land-related conflicts. Development of mechanisms for the establishment of mediation centers throughout the country. Awareness campaigns should be conducted to inform the communities that most of the civil cases, including land-related conflicts can be settled through mediation. Establishment of an electronic cadastral and land registration system in the country. Capacity enhancement of Local Judicial Committee. m ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Community Self-Reliance Centre (CSRC) is grateful to the many institutions and individual who contributed to this study. We would like to thank Asian NGO Coalition (ANGOC) for the technical and logistical support. We are pleased and privileged to have worked with the Ministry of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation, as well as with the National Land Rights Forum (NLRF) and their district and village organizations. Our appreciation goes to the local community people from various districts for their cooperation and contribution during the various stages of developing this paper. Nepal Land Conflict Monitoring Report n Amendment