4/20/2021
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illness is an interplay of age, hereditary, and dietary factors) why colon cancer is workrelated considering that the "adenomatous polyps in the colon...are usually benign, but
some develop into cancer over time." In other words, this Court's ruling that
Villamater's colon cancer was probably work-related was due to the result of failing
to raise an argument in a timely manner—not due to sufficiency of evidence.
As earlier pointed out, the respondents' silence cannot be used in place of substantial
evidence as it betrays the basic tenets of due process.
The ponencia's resolve to uphold and apply social justice principles in the case at hand
is commendable. However, the undersigned merely wishes to voice out his concern in
according benefits to a single seafarer in view of social justice at the expense of all
other seafarers who are still applying for employment as well as others who still wish
for overseas deployment. If the Court decides to indiscriminately apply social justice
principles and to follow the jurisprudential path of compensating ailments or deaths
with the slightest perceived connection to work despite insufficiency of evidence of a
reasonable causal connection, the barriers to entry of employment for Filipino seafarers
as well as potential seafarers will eventually become insurmountable. Pre-employment
medical examination costs will skyrocket as a result of an exhaustive requirement from
employers in order to mitigate their monetary liability of compensating illnesses
existing at the time of the execution of employment contracts.
More importantly, the Court would be establishing a dangerous precedent if an
evidentiary presumption of work-relatedness is considered to be an implication of the
general principle of social justice. It would have the effect of dispensing the
requirement of satisfying the required quantum of evidence in favor of upholding an
interpretative rule used to settle doubts.
Finally, no explanation or concrete jurisprudential solution was offered or, at least,
discussed by the majority to address the foregoing concern relative to the long-term
effect of indiscriminately applying social justice principles despite the fact that current
medical science has yet to conclusively show, with reasonable probability, that colon
cancer may form, develop and worsen in such a short period of time as 3 to 4 months.
As to the finding that Castillon's colon cancer was aggravated by his diet allegedly
consisting of fatty foods, the same was only presumed without presentation of any
scientific or medical evidence. Thus, while the Court adheres to the principle of
liberality in favor of the seafarer in construing the POEA-SEC, it cannot allow claims for
compensation based on conjectures and probabilities.[34]
IV. An
improperly
obtained
quitclaim will not
result
in
the
seafarer's
entitlement
to
full
benefits
when the death
or illness is not
work-related.
https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocsfriendly/1/66406
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