4/9/2020
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(M) 03-11-2866-00.[14]
After the submission of the parties’ respective pleadings, Labor Arbiter Virginia T. LuyaAzarraga dismissed the complaint in a Decision dated November 26, 2004.
Noting that Tomacruz was a seafarer, the Labor Arbiter explained that as such, he was
a contractual employee, whose employment was governed by the contract that he
signed every time he was hired. Thus, the Labor
Arbiter held, once the seafarer’s employment was terminated either by completion of
contract or repatriation due to a medical reason or any other authorized cause under
the POEA Standard Employment Contract (SEC), the employer was under no obligation
to re-contract the seafarer.[15]
Zeroing in on Tomacruz’s medical condition, the Labor Arbiter observed how he was
given extensive medical attention by the company- designated physician, and how he
was given medication from the time he was repatriated until he was declared fit to
work. As such, the Labor Arbiter said that the company-designated physician’s
assessment of Tomacruz’s medical condition should be more accurate than that of the
subsequent doctor’s second medical opinion, which was not supported by sufficient
evidence to warrant consideration.[16]
Aggrieved, Tomacruz appealed this decision to the NLRC, on the grounds that the Labor
Arbiter gravely erred in upholding the findings of the company-designated physician’s
declaration that he was fit to work over his doctor of choice, who was an internal
medicine practitioner; thus, was better qualified in determining his health condition.[17]
Not impressed, the NLRC agreed with the Labor Arbiter and declared that the opinion of
the company-designated physician, as the one with the sole accreditation by law to
determine the fitness or unfitness of a seafarer under POEA SEC, should prevail over
the second opinion of Tomacruz’s doctor of choice. The NLRC, citing “Vol. II, p. 664 of
the book of Francisco on Evidence,”[18] added:
When expert opinions differ, the care and accuracy with which the experts
have determined the data upon which they based their conclusions are to be
considered. Opinion testimony founded on facts within the knowledge and
experience of the witness and supported by good reasons is likely to receive
greater credence and carry more weight than a purely speculative theory or
one which is rendered by person not qualified in the field about which they
testify. Opinion of witnesses of accredited skill and experience who have
formed their judgment from personal examination of the subject of
controversy are generally more worthy of belief than those illicited by
hypothetical questions which may or may not state all the fact necessary to
a correct conclusion (20 American Jurisprudence 1056-1058)[19]
On the above premise, the NLRC, on October 28, 2005, affirmed the Labor Arbiter’s
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