interactions usually take place on online dating websites, public chat rooms, social networking sites, or adult webcam sites. Depending on the type of performance, operators can earn between USD 67 and USD 670 per session. The percentage of this money given to the child is considerably little, if any at all. The harms experienced by children involved in these operations are numerous and their implications serious. First and foremost, operators of child pornography in the Philippines are oftentimes the parents of the young children, a situation that leads to abusive dynamics and confusing atmospheres in their homes. In order to “groom” them for performances, children are often made to watch various pornographic videos, which, as a psychologist from a women and children’s crisis center in Cebu City says, “leads to serious psychological disorders.” In 2013, the Dutch NGO Terre des Hommes said the children “reported feeling dirty, ashamed and embarrassed both during and after webcam sex performances.” They also expressed fear at the prospect of the images being stored in the Internet forever. The same report found that the children involved in the performances suffered from trauma, psychosocial stress, a feeling of betrayal, social stigmatisation, and a sense of powerlessness. The grim and growing situation cannot be viewed in a vacuum. Poverty incidence in the Philippines during the first half of 2013 was at 24.9%, and has shown to be one of the biggest contributing factors to the growing child sex industry. Parents often look the other way, or else are actively involved in their children’s entrance into the online sex industry. In fact, the Terre des Hommes report finds that parents “often appeal to the child’s sense of duty to help the family…generate money to pay for bills, food, and school-related expenses.” All too often, children are not fully aware that they are being victimised, and worse, parents are unaware of the trauma their children endure because of their involvement in cyber-pornography. All too often, children are not fully aware that they are being victimised... Seeking Justice On their own, there is little chance for minors coerced into child pornography to access justice. However, the government, law enforcement agencies, and several NGOs have been working hard to curb these crimes. There are several existing laws that can be used for legal recourse. These include the Anti-Child Pornography Act, the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act, and the Special Protection of Children against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act. According to a lawyer working on the issue, many cases are filed at once under different laws, so that if one is dismissed, other laws can still be applied. However, there are several barriers that make this fight for justice exceedingly difficult. <End Violence: Women’s Rights and Safety Online> 31