134 B. Additional / Particular Recommendations to the Philippine Government The General Climate Policy in the Philippines At the core of Philippine environmental policy is the 1987 Constitution which establishes Filipinos’ right “to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.”574 In 1991, the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate change575 was created in preparation for the first Conference of Parties. Soon after, the Philippines signed and adopted the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. In 1999, Congress passed the Clean Air Act576 outlining the country’s response to industrial emissions and air pollution, and mandating the incorporation of environmental protection in development plans. The next decade saw the strengthening of the Philippines’ climate response through the enactment of the Climate change Act of 2009577–a law that mainstreamed climate change in government policy formulation, established the framework strategy and program on climate change, and created the Climate Change Commission (CCC). It also mandated the creation of two policy documents that would guide the country’s integrated action on climate change–the National Framework Strategy on Climate change 2010-2022 (NFSCC) and the National Climate change Action Plan 2011-2028 (NCCAP). The NFSCC envisioned “a climate risk-resilient Philippines with healthy, safe, prosperous and self-reliant communities, and thriving and productive ecosystems.”578 Its goal was “to build the adaptive capacity and increase the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development.”579 574 Phil. Const. art. II, § 16. 575 Office of the President, Creation of an Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change, Administrative Order No. 220, s. 1991 (May 18, 1991). 576 An Act Providing for a Comprehensive Air Pollution Control Policy and for Other Purposes [Clean Air Act of 1999], Republic Act No. 8749 (1999). 577 An Act Mainstreaming Climate Change Into Government Policy Formulations, Establishing the Framework Strategy and Program on Climate Change, Creating for this Purpose the Climate Change Commission, and for Other Purposes [Climate Change Act of 2009], Republic Act No. 9729 (2009). 578 National Framework Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022 [hereinafter NFSCC] (Guiding Principles 2.1). 579 Id. at (Guiding Principles 2.2.).