114 adaptation. National, regional, and multilateral policies have also been implemented and proposed. Their influence, however, may be improved.520 Coordination across governance scales, including international cooperation, can be improved in achieving mitigation and adaptation goals.521 It will be more economical and effective if climate actions are embodied in internationallybinding instruments, including trade agreements or regional arrangements, for the joint construction of infrastructure that facilitates the reduction of carbon emissions. 522 ix. Support and Provide Adequate Legal Protection to Environmental Defenders and Climate Activists States must support and provide adequate legal protection to climate activists and environmental groups in recognition of their role in promoting and advancing climate justice. In particular, States are encouraged to: 1. Expand the civic space that enables various climate and environmental organizations to build and exchange good practices and call attention to gaps in the security of human rights and environmental defenders; 2. Remove administrative and operational barriers to the formation and accreditation of legitimate environmental groups and NGOs; 3. Avoid interfering with climate activists’ and environmental groups’ efforts to create networks, including their involvement in public relations, especially at international climate conferences and negotiations, and their access to foreign and domestic funding; 520 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report, Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Geneva: IPCC, 2014) [hereinafter IPCC, SYR, 2014] at 102-6. 521 Id. at 102. 522 Id. at 106.