CEDAW/C/PHI/5-6 Actions addressing needs of women in armed conflict and other internally displaced persons 228. The Office of the Presidential Adviser for Peace Process (OPAPP), which is tasked with the management and supervision of the comprehensive peace process, is implementing a six-path comprehensive program to achieve peace and development in the Philippines. These “paths,” are: pursuit of social, economic and political reforms to address the root causes of internal armed conflicts and social unrest (Path 1); consensus building and empowerment for peace (Path 2); sustaining and enhancing the viability of Peace Zones-SDAs through negotiated settlement with the different rebel groups (Path 3); programs for reconciliation, reintegration into mainstream society and rehabilitation of former combatants and their families (Path 4); addressing concerns arising from continuing armed hostilities, such as children in armed conflict and immediate relief and rehabilitation of conflict-affected families and communities, through the Civilian Victim of Internal Armed Conflict Program (Path 5); and building and nurturing a climate conducive to peace (Path 6). 229. With Asia Foundation assistance, the Institute for Women’s Leadership organized meetings for the Mindanao Commission on Women. Composed of Muslim, Christian, and indigenous women leaders from government, civil society, and the private sector, the Commission pursues an agenda for peace and development in Mindanao with special emphasis on training young women leaders in peace-building (Asia Foundation 2002). 230. The Government of the Philippines (GOP)-UN/Multi-donor Assistance Programme (Phases I and II), involving the UN Agencies in the Philippines and 10 donor countries, supported the reintegration of some 70,000 former Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) combatants, supporters and their families into the mainstream of civilian, economic and social life. Its activities and outputs included cooperative formation and community organizing for livelihood, which reached a total of 14,056 beneficiaries; and agriculture-based livelihood training in aquaculture, crops, farm machinery, livestock, and women’s concerns to almost 2,000 trainees, resulting in the establishment of 532 livelihood activities that benefited some 20,084 MNLF combatants and their families (GOP-UNDP/MDP, n.d.). Moreover, the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) released PhP11.5 million to finance community-based training for enterprise development. With the support of Netherlands and UNFPA, 1,286 local health personnel were trained and 24 MNLF communities benefited from programs on family planning and reproductive health. The Bangsa Moro Women’s Foundation for Peace and Development was the main partner, particularly in the conduct of community-based surveys. C. REMAINING CHALLENGES AND DIFFICULTIES 231. In the absence of baseline data, as well as reliable estimate of prevalence of VAW and other gender-based violence, the government cannot gauge any concrete progress in this area. In contrast, some challenges are notable. 232. Anti-trafficking. The full implementation of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 needs to be ensured. There is a need to establish effective data generation mechanism to monitor cases of trafficking and address data gaps. It should build on the achievements and mechanism now in place in the Philippines and in the countries of destination, involving both government and NGOs. Bilateral cooperation should be pursued with priority to hotspots. 71