CEDAW/C/PHI/5-6 manufacturing (41 percent); garments, jewelry and furniture (37 percent); marketing (9 percent); and real estate (7 percent). 366. A Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry survey in 1998 noted that women-led firms may be few in number and smaller than male-led firms, but they make a significant impact on the economy. Taken collectively, women-led businesses accounted for PhP7 billion in assets in 1998. However, women generally bring limited work experience and managerial training to their businesses. They are also at a disadvantage because of conflicting demands of business and family and the lack of a network of business contacts and support. All this results in gender-differentiated impact of policies and of crises such as that which hit the Philippines in the late 1990s (Licuanan 1998). 367. Enterprises or businesses secure licenses to operate from the local government unit, but those in the formal economy generally register their names with the Bureau of Trade and Regulation and Consumer Protection (BTRCP) of the trade and industry department. In May 2003, the bureau began disaggregating its business name registration database by sex of the owner. Of those that had been sex-disaggregated, totaling 242,178 business names, about 11 percent were registered as corporations, cooperatives, or partnerships, and 89 percent as single proprietorships. Of the latter, 113,167 were under the name of a woman, which constituted 47 percent of the total business names registered and 52 percent of singly owned enterprises. Because partnerships, corporations, and cooperatives are likely to be controlled by men, one may take 47 percent (rather than 52 percent) as an approximate estimate of the proportion of women-owned SMEs in the country. Working girl children 368. The 1995 national survey on working children reported that about 1.3 million of the total 3.6 million working children (5-17 years old) were females. Majority came from rural areas and more than a quarter were unable to go to school because of work. More working children (65 percent) lived away from home, and majority (79 percent) of them worked as domestic helpers. In 2001, the number of working children rose to 4.02 million. Male children again outnumbered female children (2.55 million versus 1.47 million), but the female children work force grew at a relatively faster rate (about 2.20 percent per year) than the male children work force (1.90 percent; ILO-IPEC/NSO 2003). B. ACTIONS TAKEN General policy and program developments 369. While taking its cue from the Constitutional guarantees of equal employment opportunity for women and men, the Labor Code acknowledges certain biological and social considerations for working women. Hence, it requires the employer to provide a nursery in the workplace, maternity leave, separate toilet facilities for women and men, family planning services and at least a dressing room for women. However, compliance to labor laws and standards has been low and little monitoring of enforcement of gender equality and women-related laws have been done. These are being addressed by moves to include gender-related issues in general labor 101