Memorandum for the Petitioners | 97
an additional 700,000 deaths per year by 2030 . The Climate Vulnerable
Forum study found that climate change is currently responsible for 400,000
deaths per year.428
8.73. In financial terms, the 2017 Philippine Climate Change
Assessment notes that in the area of human health alone, “ [t]he potential
impacts of climate change are projected to be USD 5 to 19 million by 2050
in terms of loss of public safety, increased vector- and water-borne diseases,
and increased malnutrition from food shortages during extreme events.»429
5.
r
r
The right to self-determination and
development
8.74. The ICESCR and ICCPR affirm that “[a]11 peoples have the right
of self-determination,” stating that “[b]y virtue of that right they freely
determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social, and
cultural development.» 430
8.75. The UN General Assembly affirmed this principle when it
adopted the 1986 Declaration on the Right to Development . The right to
development is the right of every human person and all peoples to participate
in, contribute to, and enjoy economic, social, cultural and political
development, in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms can be
fully realized.431 The 1986 Declaration on the Right to Development also
recognized that the right of peoples to self-determination includes “the
exercise of their inalienable right to full sovereignty over all their natural
wealth and resources.” 432
8.76. As shown by some of the testimonies of the community
witnesses, slow onset and extreme weather events are extremely disruptive to
the lives and the natural wealth and resources of Filipinos.
Lofts, K., supra note 375, p. 11, citing DARA and the Climate Vulnerable Forum, Climate Vulnerability
Monitor 2 nd Edition : A Guide to the Cold Calculus of a Hot Planet ( Madrid: Fundacion DARA
International, 2012), p. 17.
429
Ibid., citing Cruz, R., et al. (2017), supra note 357, p. 9.
430
Lofts, K ., supra note 375, p. 6; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( 16
December 1966), Art. 1( 1) 993 U .N.T.S. 3 .; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, (16
December 1966), Art. 1( 1), 9, 999 U.N.T.S. 171.
431
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR), 16 December 1966, 993
UNTS 3 at Article 1( 1); Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), GA Res 217(111), UN GAOR, 3d
Sess, Supp No 13, UN Doc A/810 ( 1948) at Arts 1[UDHR]; International Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights ( ICCPR), 16 December 1966, 999 UNTS 171 at Art 2 ( 1) [ ICCPR]. UNGA Res 41 / 128, Declaration
on the Right to Development, UN Doc A/RES/41/128 (4 December 1986) at Art 1(1) [Declaration on the
Right to Development].
432
UNGA Res 41 / 128, Declaration on the Right to Development, UN Doc A/RES/41/128 (4 December
1986) at Art 1 (2) (hereinafter, “Declaration on the Right to Development”).
428
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