mitigating and adapting to climate change (Peralta, 2009). The changing climate will have a more severe effect on women due to gendered norms that determine socio-economic roles and a weaker socio-economic status to women (Brody et al., 2008; Peralta, 2009). Brody et al. (2008) gave an overview on the various interrelations between climate change and gender. Tatlonghari and Paris (2013) show gendered adaptation to flooding in rice farming communities in Nueva, Ecija, Philippines. Tanner (2010) published a work about children’s response to climate, arguing that the general perception that children and young people are only victims of climate change impacts is wrong. He presents examples from the Philippines and El Salvador to show how young people can play a crucial role in adaptation. Impacts on Infrastructures Infrastructure here refers to hard Infrastructure (e.g. energy systems, transportation systems or water supply system) and soft infrastructure (e.g. schools, hospitals and other social institutions). In urban centers, the density of infrastructures is mostly higher than in rural areas, which is part of their attractiveness. Infrastructure can be affected by climate change in a many ways. In general, many impacts on infrastructures are described in Rosenzweig et al. (2011) and Wilbanks et al. (2012). Below, we give some examples of impacts for the electricity infrastructure. Water and sanitation have partly been mentioned earlier. Transport is missing, but we assume a strong dependency on storm and flood events. The production of electricity via hydropower plays a large role in the country. In a publication of the Department of Energy (2012), the share of installed generating capacity is for oil, natural gas and coal roughly 70%, for hydropower 21% and for geothermal power 11%. Villafuerte et al. (2014a) refers to a time when hydroelectric power in Mindanao played an even bigger role with 90% of electricity production compared to today (54 %; Department of Energy, 2012). During an El Niño event, the drought conditions resulted in suspension of production by the hydroelectric plant and severely increased the economic vulnerability of the region. Although the contribution of hydropower is smaller today, the impacts of drought on this source of energy still remain. Besides the exposure to weather extremes, the issue of maintenance and reliability could play an important role – although we did not look for literature on that topic. The often-occurring storms in the country could have an impact on the electricity transmission network (Rosenzweig et al. 2011). Many relevant publications or the corresponding authors in this chapter show a significant reflection in the scientific literature. For example, Bankoff (2003), Rodolfo and Siringan (2006), Su (2008), Tseng et al. (2008), Rosenzweig et al. (2011) and Wilbanks et al. (2012) can be found in the IPCC reports and Arnfield (2003) and Oke (1982) show further a high citation frequency (table 1). As a very rough measure, we refer to the citation frequency as one source of knowledge about reliability. 19