(1) Climate Accountability Institute, Press Release on Update of Carbon Majors Project, released in December 2014, appended as Annex “D-1;” (2) Carbon Majors: Accounting for carbon and methane emissions 1854-2010 Methods and Results Report, released in 2013 and updated at the beginning of 2014, appended as Annex “D-2;” and (3) Tracing anthropogenic carbon dioxide and methane emissions to fossil fuel and cement producers, 1854–2010, published online in the journal Climatic Change in November 2013, appended as Annex “D-3.” The following are the main findings of the Carbon Major publications. They now reflect the most recent findings of the research, which is constantly being updated: • 90 Carbon Major Entities, including the then 50 investor-owned Carbon Major companies, are responsible for an estimated 1,104 Gt CO2e of cumulative world emissions of industrial CO2 and methane, or 64.8% of all anthropogenic CO2 between 1751 and 2013;37 • Nearly one-third of all global industrial CO2 from 1751 to 2013 are associated with the carbon fuels produced by the Top 20 fossil fuel companies.38 The Top 20 fossil fuel investor-owned companies contributed 294.6 GtCO2e, equivalent to 18.8% of !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 37 Heede, R. 2015. Carbon Major Entities Cumulative Emission to 2013 Ranked, Climate Accountability Institute. February, 2015. Made available to Greenpeace Southeast Asia and Greenpeace International upon request in April 2016. Mr. Heede can also be asked to explain this update in the public hearing to be called by the Commission. 38 Id. ! ! ! ! ! 22 !