Table: Excerpts from table A1 (UCS 2018) Attribution science now can assess the increased likelihood of a specific extreme weather event occurring and evaluate the percent of an event’s heat-related mortality to human-induced climate change. Attribution studies for hurricanes (also called typhoons or cyclones) link additional flooding from rising sea levels to human-induced climate change, as well as how warmer ocean temperatures sustain and intensify a hurricane and assess increases in the precipitation (see table). More than six thousand people lost their lives and over a million dwellings were destroyed from Super Typhoon Haiyan (Soria et al., 2015). Scientists have and will continue to study Super Typhoon Haiyan to better understand this devastating event. For example, Zhao et al., (2017) explored sea state conditions to improve intensity forecasts. Soria et al., (2015) compared Super Typhoon Haiyan with an 1897 Typhoon that followed a similar track through the Philippines. Super Typhoon Haiyan was “more intense, had larger maximum wind coverage, and moved faster” and the associated “storm surge was about twice the height of the 1897 event in San Pedro Bay” (Soria et al., 2015). Super Typhoon Mangkhut made landfall in northern Philippines as a category 5 this September. Tragically the cascading consequences are still unfolding. 3

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