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of a lawyer in order to vindicate his rights as there was no assurance that the
petitioners would have granted his just demands had the matter not gone through the
legal process.
4. Finally, the inclusion of Galvez and Alidio as parties in the case is called for because
they are responsible officers of an agency engaged in the hiring of ship manpower; as
such, they are solidarity liable with the agency and the foreign employer for his
disability compensation claim under Section 10 of R.A. No. 8042, the Migrant Workers
and Overseas Filipinos Act.
The Court's Ruling
"Entitlement to disability benefits by seamen on overseas work is a matter governed,
not only by medical findings but, by law and by contract," and so the Court declared in
Vergara v. Hammonia Maritime Services, Inc., et al.[17]
Guided by this Court pronouncement, we find merit in the petition. Based on the
medical findings, the governing law—the POEA-SEC—and the contract between the
parties—the TCC-FA—as well as applicable jurisprudence, we hold that the respondent
Cabatay is entitled only to disability benefits as awarded by the NLRC.
The medical Jindings/Cabatay's disability assessment
On record, upon his arrival in Manila on January 8, 2010, following his medical
repatriation, Cabatay was immediately referred to Dr. Tay, the company-designated
physician, for examination and treatment. He was under Dr. Tay's medical care and
management for six months or until June 9, 2010, when she gave him a combined 36%
disability assessment. All this time, he underwent several tests, a CT scan, audiometry
and MRI, as well as therapy sessions, at the petitioners' expense.
Cabatay did not object to Dr. Tay's assessment, yet he filed a claim for permanent total
disability compensation, which the labor arbiter granted declaring that he was entitled
to
fiill
disability
benefits
because
he
had
lost
opportunities
for
his
employment/profession. On appeal, the NLRC set aside the arbiter's decision and relied
on Dr. Tay's disability assessment "in the absence of any substantial proof in support of
complainant's bare allegation of loss of profession."[18] The CA, in turn, upheld the
arbiter's award, holding that since Cabatay was "disabled continuously for more than
120 days, he is considered permanently disabled," and the "CBA provides that the
seafarer is entitled to full benefits even if he suffered less than 50% of the total
disability under the schedule so long as he is no longer fit for sea duty."[19]
The POEA-SEC; the TCC-FA
We find that the CA ruling disregarded relevant provisions of the POEA-SEC and the
TCC-FA. This is a reversible error as we shall discuss below.
As intimated earlier, the POEA-SEC and the TCC-FA govern Cabatay's employment with
the petitioners. These two instruments are the law between the parties as the Court
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