         Traditional rice landraces for wet and dry season cropping in Benguet (Benguet State University) Sweet potato cultivars for drought condition (Benguet State University) Cruciferous vegetable production under water stress condition (Benguet State University) Ecosystem based fisheries management to sustain fish catch (UP MSI Installation of solar powered backyard aquaponics system for vegetable-tilapia-prawncatfish polyculture (CLSU-ICCEM) On-farm plant genetic resources, conservation development and use for climate change adaptation (Rice and Corn) (SeaRice) Effect of CC on reproduction and early development of economically important aquaculture species (SEAFDEC) Hermetic Storage of rice seeds (PhilRice) Rice Variety Development (drought tolerant, water submergence, salinity) (PhilRice) However, gaps based from these researches were identified. Since rice and corn are the two most important crops in the country, most VA studies focus on them only. Other gaps that were identified are as follows: a.) lack of data on cost-effectiveness of mitigation and adaptation practices; b.) lack of site-specific studies; c.) lack of harmonize VA tools with high precision; d.) lack of hatchery and breeding techniques for marine species; e.) lack of interface with industry/community-based enterprises to upscale research results; and f.) lack of enabling mechanisms to translate scientific findings to policies. Furthermore, most of the studies on agriculture system and processes are landbased which leaves the fishery sector less well understood. After the researches are done, “studies and simulation models will be done based on the vulnerability assessments and down-scaled climate scenarios, on the impacts of changing climates on major crops, livestock and fisheries production. The research and development agenda sector on climate change will be developed in order to conduct more specific short and long-term studies on climate-resilient crop varieties, climate-smart crop, livestock management, and best practices. These best practices will also be tested in fisheries and coastal management.” The information that will be gathered from these studies will be developed and disseminated thru the “climate information and database for agriculture and fisheries”. Lastly, “a resource network is planned to be established wherein technical assistance on adaptation planning to local communities and appropriate adaptation approaches to both men and women farmers and fishers can be provided”. A policy requiring the national and local governments to include climate change into their respective plans and programs was passed in 2009. The NCCAP identified the formulation of climate-sensitive agriculture and fisheries policies, plans and programs as one of its outputs in ensuring food security. In order to achieve this, “the following activities are lined-up until 2028: a) Integration of gender-responsive CC adaptation and mitigation in agriculture and fisheries plans, programs, and budgets; and b) prioritization and enactment of a national land use law. The National Land Use Bill will institutionalize land use and physical planning at the national and local levels, and promote responsible and equitable allocation and administration of land and its corresponding natural resources. Under the bill, critical areas (such as national parks, upland watershed areas, and strategic agricultural and fisheries zones) will be identified and set aside.” In order to enhance the social protection for farming and fishing communities the implementation of risk transfer and social protection mechanisms for agriculture and fishery has been on-going via the following programs: CBMS-FAO | 4