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alien initiated proceeding. Therefore, the subject provision should
not make a distinction. In both instance, it is extended as a means
to recognize the residual effect of the foreign divorce decree on
Filipinos whose marital ties to their alien spouses are severed by
operation of the latter's national law.[40] (Emphasis supplied; italics in
the original)
Pursuant to the majority ruling in Manalo, Article 26(2) applies to mixed marriages
where the divorce decree is: (i) obtained by the foreign spouse; (ii) obtained jointly
by the Filipino and foreign spouse; and (iii) obtained solely by the Filipino spouse.
Based on the records, Cynthia and Park obtained a divorce decree by mutual
agreement under the laws of South Korea. The sufficiency of the evidence presented by
Cynthia to prove the issuance of said divorce decree and the governing national law of
her husband Park was not put in issue. In fact, the CA considered said evidence
sufficient to establish the authenticity and validity of the divorce in question:
x x x [T]he records show that [Cynthia] submitted, inter alia, the original
and translated foreign divorce decree, as well as the required certificates
proving its authenticity. She also offered into evidence a copy of the Korean
Civil Code, duly authenticated through a Letter of Confirmation with Registry
No. 2013-020871, issued by the Embassy of the Republic of Korea in the
Philippines. These pieces of evidence may have been sufficient to
establish the authenticity and validity of the divorce obtained by the
estranged couple abroad but [the CA agrees] with the OSG that the
divorce cannot be recognized in this jurisdiction insofar as [Cynthia] is
concerned since it was obtained by mutual agreement of a foreign spouse
and a Filipino spouse.[41] (Emphasis and underscoring supplied)
In this light, it becomes unnecessary to delve into the admissibility and probative value
of Abigail's testimony claiming that Cynthia had been constrained to consent to the
divorce. As confirmed by Manalo, the divorce decree obtained by Park, with or without
Cynthia's conformity, falls within the scope of Article 26(2) and merits recognition in
this jurisdiction.
WHEREFORE, premises considered, the Petition is GRANTED. The Decision dated
February 27, 2017 and Resolution dated September 29, 2017 rendered by the Court of
Appeals, Eleventh Division and Former Eleventh Division, respectively, in CA-G.R. CV
No. 106950 are REVERSED and SET ASIDE.
Accordingly, the Decision dated July 3, 2015 issued by the Regional Trial Court of Sto.
Domingo, Nueva Ecija, Branch 88 in Special Proceedings No. SD(14)-417 is
REINSTATED. By virtue of Article 26, paragraph 2 of the Family Code and the
Certification of the Cheongju Local Court dated July 16, 2012, petitioner Cynthia A.
Galapon is declared capacitated to remarry under Philippine law.
SO ORDERED.
Peralta, C.J. (Chairperson), J. Reyes, Jr., Lazaro-Javier, and Lopez, JJ., concur.
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